Icyiciro cya II Umutekano w’ibinyabuzima Inama y’ibinyabuzima

Icyiciro cya II Ubwoko A2 / B2 Inama yumutekano wibinyabuzima / Icyiciro cya kabiri Inama y’ibinyabuzima / Inama y’umutekano ya Microbiologiya

Icyiciro cya II Umutekano w’ibinyabuzima Inama y’ibinyabuzima

Icyiciro cya II A2 umutekano wibinyabuzima kabine / umutekano wibinyabuzima uruganda rwibanze:1. Igishushanyo cyo gutandukanya ikirere kirinda imbere no hanze kwanduzanya, 30% byumwuka uhumeka hanze na 70% byimbere yimbere, umuvuduko mubi wa vertical laminar itemba, nta mpamvu yo gushiraho imiyoboro.

2. Urugi rw'ikirahuri rushobora kuzamurwa hejuru no hepfo, rushobora guhagarikwa uko bishakiye, biroroshye gukora, kandi rushobora gufungwa burundu kugirango rutabyara, kandi uburebure bwo guhagarara bugarukira.3.Amashanyarazi asohoka mumashanyarazi aho akorera afite ibikoresho byamazi adafite amazi hamwe numuyoboro wimyanda kugirango utange ubworoherane kubakoresha4.Akayunguruzo kadasanzwe gashyirwa mu mwuka uva mu kirere kugira ngo ugenzure umwanda uhumanya ikirere.5.Ibidukikije bikora bikozwe mubyuma byiza 304 byuma bidafite ingese, byoroshye, bidafite ikizinga, kandi bitagira iherezo.Irashobora kwanduzwa byoroshye kandi neza kandi irashobora gukumira isuri yibintu byangiza kandi byangiza.6.Ifata LED LCD igenzura kandi yubatswe mu gikoresho cyo gukingira itara rya UV, gishobora gukingurwa gusa igihe umuryango w’umutekano ufunze.7.Hamwe nicyambu cya DOP cyerekana, cyubatswe mukigereranyo cyumuvuduko ukabije.8, 10 ° inguni, ijyanye nigitekerezo cyumubiri wumuntu.

Icyiciro cya II umutekano w’ibinyabuzima B2/ Uruganda rukora umutekano wibinyabuzima Inyuguti nkuru:
1. Ihuza nihame ryubwubatsi bwumubiri, 10 ° igishushanyo mbonera, bityo imikorere ikora ni nziza cyane.
2. Igishushanyo mbonera cy’ikirere kugirango wirinde kwanduza kwambukiranya ikirere imbere no hanze yacyo mu kirere 100%, umuvuduko mubi wa laminari.
3. Bifite ibikoresho byimbere hejuru / hepfo yimukanwa imbere ninyuma yintebe yakazi, byoroshye kandi byoroshye kubishakisha
4. Bifite akayunguruzo kadasanzwe ku guhumeka kugirango umwuka uhumeka uhure nibipimo byigihugu.
5. Guhuza amakuru ahindura voltage kugirango umuvuduko wumuyaga ukore ahantu heza igihe cyose.
6. Koresha hamwe na LED.
7. Ibikoresho by'ahantu ho gukorera ni 304 ibyuma bidafite ingese.

Amafoto:

Ikibaho cyerekana igenzura

Imiterere y'ibyuma byose

Kwimuka byoroshye

Kumurika, Sisitemu yo kwirinda umutekano

Gushiraho akabati yumutekano wibinyabuzima:

1. Inama y’umutekano y’ibinyabuzima ntishobora gushyirwa ku ruhande, kugira ingaruka, cyangwa kugongana mu gihe cyo gutwara abantu, kandi ntishobora kwibasirwa n’imvura na shelegi kandi bitagaragara ku zuba.

2. Ibidukikije bikora byinama yumutekano wibinyabuzima ni 10 ~ 30 ℃, naho ubushuhe bugereranije ni <75%.

3. Ibikoresho bigomba gushyirwaho hejuru yurwego rudashobora kwimurwa.

4. Igikoresho kigomba gushyirwaho hafi yumuriro wamashanyarazi.Mugihe habuze sisitemu yo hanze isohoka, hejuru yigikoresho igomba kuba byibura 200mm uvuye ku mbogamizi ziri hejuru yicyumba, kandi inyuma igomba kuba byibura 300mm uvuye kurukuta, kugirango byorohereze kugenda neza yumuriro wo hanze no Kubungabunga akabati yumutekano.

5. Kugirango hirindwe ko ikirere kivanga, birasabwa ko ibikoresho bitagomba gushyirwaho mu nzira y’abakozi, kandi idirishya ryimikorere ryidirishya ryimbere ryimbere ryinama yumutekano wibinyabuzima ntirigomba kuba ryerekeje kumiryango nidirishya rya laboratoire. cyangwa hafi cyane y'imiryango n'amadirishya ya laboratoire.Aho umwuka ushobora guhungabana.

6. Kugirango ukoreshwe ahantu hirengeye, umuvuduko wumuyaga ugomba kongera guhindurwa nyuma yo kwishyiriraho.

Gukoresha akabati k'umutekano wibinyabuzima:

1. Fungura imbaraga.

2. Kwambara ikote rya laboratoire isukuye, koza intoki zawe, kandi ukoreshe 70% inzoga cyangwa izindi miti yica udukoko kugira ngo uhanagure neza urubuga rukora muri guverenema yumutekano.

3. Shira ibintu byubushakashatsi muri guverenema yumutekano nkuko bisabwa.

4. Funga umuryango wikirahure, fungura amashanyarazi, hanyuma ucane itara rya UV nibiba ngombwa kugirango wanduze hejuru yibintu byubushakashatsi.

5. Nyuma yo kwanduza indwara, shyira mubikorwa byinama yumutekano, fungura umuryango wikirahure, hanyuma imashini ikore bisanzwe.

6. Ibikoresho birashobora gukoreshwa nyuma yo kurangiza gahunda yo kwisukura no gukora neza.

7. Nyuma yo kurangiza akazi no gukuramo imyanda, ohanagura urubuga rukora muri guverenema n'inzoga 70%.Komeza kuzenguruka ikirere mugihe runaka kugirango wirukane umwanda aho ukorera.

8. Funga umuryango wikirahure, uzimye itara rya fluorescent, hanyuma ucane itara rya UV kugirango wanduze muri kabine.

9. Nyuma yo kwanduza birangiye, uzimye umuriro.

Icyitonderwa:

1. Kugirango wirinde kwanduzanya hagati yibintu, ibintu bikenewe mubikorwa byose bigomba gutondekwa hanyuma bigashyirwa muri guverenema yumutekano mbere yuko imirimo itangira, kugirango ntakintu kigomba gukurwa mubice byoguhumeka ikirere cyangwa gusohoka mbere yuko imirimo irangira.Shyiramo, witondere bidasanzwe: Nta kintu na kimwe gishobora gushyirwa kuri grilles yo kugaruka kumurongo wimbere ninyuma kugirango wirinde kugaruka kwindege guhagarikwa kandi bikagira ingaruka kumyuka.

2. Mbere yo gutangira akazi na nyuma yo kurangiza akazi, birakenewe gukomeza kuzenguruka ikirere mugihe runaka kugirango urangize gahunda yo kwisukura yinama yumutekano.Nyuma ya buri kizamini, inama y'abaminisitiri igomba gusukurwa no kuyanduza.

3. Mugihe cyo kubaga, gerageza kugabanya inshuro intwaro zinjira nizisohoka, kandi intwaro zigomba kugenda buhoro mugihe winjiye kandi usohokera muri minisiteri yumutekano kugirango wirinde kugira ingaruka mubisanzwe.

4. Kwimuka kw'ibintu muri guverinoma bigomba gushingira ku ihame ryo kuva mu mwanda muke ukajya ku mwanda mwinshi, kandi ibikorwa by'ubushakashatsi muri guverinoma bigomba gukorwa mu cyerekezo kiva ahantu hasukuye kugera mu gace kanduye.Koresha igitambaro cyandujwe na disinfectant hepfo mbere yo gufata kugirango ushiremo imyanda ishoboka.

5. Gerageza kwirinda gushyira centrifuges, oscillator nibindi bikoresho muri guverenema yumutekano, kugirango udahungabanya ibintu byangiritse kuri filteri ya membrane mugihe igikoresho kinyeganyega, bigatuma isuku yinama y'abaminisitiri igabanuka.impirimbanyi.

6. Umuriro ufunguye ntushobora gukoreshwa muri guverenema yumutekano kugirango wirinde ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwubushyuhe bwiza bwimyanda yanduye mugihe cyo gutwikwa kwinjizwa mumashanyarazi no kwangiza akayunguruzo.

Kubungabunga akabati y’umutekano w’ibinyabuzima:

Mu rwego rwo kurinda umutekano w’akabati y’umutekano w’ibinyabuzima, akabati k’umutekano kagomba kubungabungwa no kubungabungwa buri gihe:

1. Ahantu hakorerwa imirimo y'abaminisitiri hagomba gusukurwa no kwanduzwa mbere na nyuma yo gukoreshwa.

2. Nyuma yubuzima bwa serivisi ya filteri ya HEPA irangiye, igomba gusimburwa ninzobere yatojwe mumabati yumutekano wibinyabuzima.

3. Igitabo cya laboratoire ya biosafety cyatangajwe na OMS, minisiteri y’abaminisitiri y’Amerika ishinzwe umutekano wa NSF49 hamwe n’ubuyobozi bushinzwe ibiryo n’ibiyobyabwenge mu Bushinwa YY0569 byose bisaba ko kimwe mu bihe bikurikira kigomba gukorerwa ibizamini by’umutekano by’inama y’abashinzwe umutekano: kwishyiriraho birangiye hanyuma ukoreshe mbere;ubugenzuzi busanzwe buri mwaka;iyo guverinoma yimuwe;nyuma yo gusimbuza HEPA no gusimbuza ibice byimbere.

Ikizamini cyumutekano gikubiyemo ibintu bikurikira:

1. Gufata icyerekezo cyo gutembera no kumenya umuvuduko wumuyaga: Icyerekezo cyo gutembera kwumwuka cyerekanwa mugice cyakazi hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kunywa itabi cyangwa uburyo bwa silike yubudodo, kandi umwanya wo gutahura urimo impande zikikije hamwe nigice cyo hagati cyidirishya ryakazi;umuvuduko wo gufata umuvuduko wumuyaga upimwa na anemometero.Idirishya rikora igice cyumuyaga.

2. Kumenya umuvuduko wumuyaga hamwe nuburinganire bwimyuka ya downdraft: koresha anemometero kugirango ugabanye ingingo kugirango upime umuvuduko wumuyaga uhuza ibice.

3. Ahantu ho gukorera hasuzumwa isuku: koresha igihe cyumukungugu kugirango ugerageze aho ukorera.

4. Kumenya urusaku: Umwanya wimbere winama yumutekano wibinyabuzima ni 300mm hanze uvuye hagati ya horizontal, kandi urusaku rupimwa nurwego rwijwi kuri 380mm hejuru yumurimo.

5. Kumurika kumurika: shiraho ingingo yo gupima buri 30cm kumurongo wo hagati werekeza uburebure bwumurongo wakazi.

6. Kumenyekanisha agasanduku kumeneka: Funga akanama gashinzwe umutekano hanyuma ukande kuri 500Pa.Nyuma yiminota 30, huza igipimo cyumuvuduko cyangwa sisitemu ya sensor ya sisitemu mugupima kugirango umenye uburyo bwo kubora, cyangwa gutahura uburyo bwisabune.

Akabati k’umutekano w’ibinyabuzima (BSCs) gakoreshwa mu kurinda abakozi, ibicuruzwa n’ibidukikije kwirinda guhura na biohazard no kwanduza kwanduye mu buryo busanzwe.

Inama y’ibinyabuzima (BSC) -yitwa kandi akanama gashinzwe umutekano w’ibinyabuzima cyangwa akanama gashinzwe umutekano wa mikorobi

Inama yumutekano wibinyabuzima (BSC) nigisanduku cyubwoko bwoguhumanya ikirere ibikoresho byumutekano muke bishobora gukumira ibice bimwe na bimwe by’ibinyabuzima byangiza cyangwa bitazwi guhunga aerosole mugihe cyo gukora ubushakashatsi.Ikoreshwa cyane mubushakashatsi bwa siyanse, kwigisha, kugenzura amavuriro no kubyaza umusaruro mubijyanye na mikorobi, biomedicine, ingengabihe ya genoside, ibikomoka ku binyabuzima, nibindi.

Uburyo Akabati Yumutekano wibinyabuzima ikora:

Ihame ryakazi ryinama yumutekano wibinyabuzima ni ukunyunyuza umwuka muri guverinoma hanze, kugumana umuvuduko mubi muri guverinoma, no kurinda abakozi binyuze mu kirere gihagaritse;umwuka wo hanze uyungururwa nubushobozi buke bwo guhumeka ikirere (HEPA).Umwuka uri muri guverenema nawo ugomba gushungura na filteri ya HEPA hanyuma ukajugunywa mu kirere kugirango urinde ibidukikije.

Amahame yo guhitamo akabati yumutekano wibinyabuzima muri laboratoire yibinyabuzima:

Iyo urwego rwa laboratoire ari rumwe, muri rusange ntabwo ari ngombwa gukoresha akanama gashinzwe umutekano w’ibinyabuzima, cyangwa gukoresha icyiciro cya mbere cy’umutekano w’ibinyabuzima.Iyo urwego rwa laboratoire ari urwego rwa 2, mugihe hashobora kubaho mikorobe ya aerosol cyangwa ibikorwa byo kumeneka, hashobora gukoreshwa akanama gashinzwe umutekano w’ibinyabuzima mu cyiciro cya mbere;mugihe uhanganye nibikoresho byanduye, hagomba gukoreshwa akanama gashinzwe umutekano wibinyabuzima byo mu cyiciro cya II hamwe n’umwuka wuzuye cyangwa wuzuye;Niba uhanganye na kanseri ya chimique, ibintu bikoresha radio hamwe nudukingirizo duhindagurika, hashobora gukoreshwa gusa ibyiciro byumutekano wo mu cyiciro cya II-B (Ubwoko B2).Iyo urwego rwa laboratoire ari urwego rwa 3, hagomba gukoreshwa inama y’umutekano w’ibinyabuzima yo mu cyiciro cya II cyangwa icyiciro cya III;ibikorwa byose birimo ibikoresho byanduye bigomba gukoresha icyiciro cya II-B cyuzuye (Ubwoko B2) cyangwa abaminisitiri bashinzwe umutekano w’ibinyabuzima bo mu cyiciro cya III.Iyo urwego rwa laboratoire ari urwego rwa kane, hagomba gukoreshwa urwego rwa III rwuzuye rwumutekano wibinyabuzima.Akabati k’umutekano wo mu cyiciro cya II-B karashobora gukoreshwa mugihe abakozi bambaye imyenda irinda umuvuduko.

Akabati k’ibinyabuzima (BSC), kazwi kandi ku izina ry’umutekano w’ibinyabuzima, gatanga abakozi, ibicuruzwa, no kurengera ibidukikije binyuze mu kirere cya laminari na HEPA muyungurura laboratoire ya biomedical / microbiologique.

Akabati k'umutekano wibinyabuzima muri rusange kagizwe nibice bibiri: agasanduku k'umubiri hamwe na brake.Agasanduku k'umubiri karimo ahanini ibi bikurikira:

1. Sisitemu yo Kwungurura ikirere

Sisitemu yo kuyungurura ikirere niyo sisitemu yingenzi kugirango yizere imikorere yibi bikoresho.Igizwe numufana utwara, umuyoboro wumwuka, akayunguruzo ko mu kirere hamwe nuyungurura umwuka wo hanze.Igikorwa cyacyo nyamukuru ni ugukomeza gutuma umwuka mwiza winjira muri sitidiyo, kugirango igipimo cya downdraft (vertical airflow) itembera mumurimo wakazi ntikiri munsi ya 0.3m / s, kandi isuku mukarere kazi yemerewe kugera kumanota 100.Muri icyo gihe, imyuka yo hanze nayo isukurwa kugirango hirindwe ibidukikije.

Ibyingenzi bigize sisitemu ni HEPA muyunguruzi, ikoresha ibikoresho bidasanzwe bidafite umuriro nkikadiri, kandi ikadiri igabanijwemo gride n'amabati ya aluminiyumu yometse, yuzuyemo ibirahuri bya fibre fibre sub-uduce, kandi kuyungurura birashobora kugera 99,99% ~ 100%.Igifuniko kibanziriza-gushungura cyangwa kubanza kuyungurura ikirere cyinjira mu kirere bituma umwuka ubanza gushungura no kwezwa mbere yo kwinjira muyungurura HEPA, ushobora kongera igihe cyumurimo wa filteri ya HEPA.

2. Sisitemu yo mu kirere isohoka hanze

Sisitemu yo hanze isohora sisitemu igizwe nigisanduku cyo hanze gisohora igikonoshwa, umufana numuyoboro usohora.Umuyaga wo hanze utanga imbaraga zo kunaniza umwuka wanduye mucyumba cyakazi, kandi usukurwa nayunguruzo rwo hanze kugirango urinde ibyitegererezo nibintu byubushakashatsi muri guverenema.Umwuka mukarere kazi uratoroka kurinda uwukora.

3. Kunyerera imbere ya sisitemu yo gutwara imbere

Sisitemu yo kunyerera imbere yidirishya rya sisitemu igizwe numuryango wimbere wikirahure, moteri yumuryango, uburyo bwo gukurura, shaft yohereza no guhinduranya imipaka.

4. Inkomoko yumucyo nisoko ya UV yumucyo biherereye imbere yumuryango wikirahure kugirango habeho umucyo runaka mubyumba byakazi no guhagarika ameza numwuka mubyumba byakazi.

5. Ikibaho kigenzura gifite ibikoresho nko gutanga amashanyarazi, itara rya ultraviolet, itara ryaka, guhinduranya umuyaga, no kugenzura urujya n'uruza rw'umuryango w'ikirahure.Igikorwa nyamukuru nugushiraho no kwerekana sisitemu imiterere.

1.Umurimo:
a.Niba abaguzi basuye uruganda rwacu bakareba imashini, tuzakwigisha gushiraho no gukoresha
imashini,
b.Nta gusura, tuzakohereza imfashanyigisho hamwe na videwo yo kukwigisha gushiraho no gukora.
c.Umwaka umwe kuri mashini yose.
d.amasaha 24 inkunga ya tekinike ukoresheje imeri cyangwa guhamagara

2.Ni gute wasura ikigo cyawe?
a.Guruka ujye ku kibuga cy'indege cya Beijing: Na gari ya moshi yihuta Kuva Beijing Nan ugana Cangzhou Xi (isaha 1), noneho turashobora
kugutwara.
b.Guruka ugana ku kibuga cy'indege cya Shanghai: Na gari ya moshi yihuta Kuva Shanghai Hongqiao kugera Cangzhou Xi (amasaha 4.5),
noneho turashobora kugutora.

3.Ushobora kuba ushinzwe gutwara abantu?
Yego, nyamuneka umbwire icyambu cyangwa aderesi. dufite uburambe bukomeye muri transport.

4.Uri isosiyete yubucuruzi cyangwa uruganda?
dufite uruganda rwacu.

5.Ni iki ushobora gukora mugihe imashini yamenetse?
Umuguzi twohereze amafoto cyangwa amashusho.Tuzareka injeniyeri yacu agenzure kandi atange ibitekerezo byumwuga.Niba ikeneye guhindura ibice, twohereze ibice bishya gusa dukusanya amafaranga yikiguzi.